Why is china densely populated

Most of the ruins of the walled capital cities have been excavated and investigated, and the Beijing City of Ming and Qing is still in existence.

The capital city usually has its suburban part which covers one or two counties. The decline of Changan, Luoyang and Kaifeng after the shifting of the national capital is obviously illustrated by many records and papers. A short account is given in Chen Qiaoyi ed.

But readers should pay due attention to the mistakes in his illustration on population. Ge Jianxion There are no affiliations available. Many schools combine lessons because of the size of classes.

Pictured below, combined classes attend an outdoor joint lesson in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province. Martial arts is popular in China. Here, students from the Tagou martial-arts school in Henan Province practice at a training base on the outskirts of Beijing.

By , China is expected to have 1. The true population of China might be misrepresented because of families lying on census polls about the one-child policy. China is the only country where more males are born than females. The ratio is 1. China currently has 2. It holds the Guinness World Record for the largest human image of an organ. Pictured below, over 1, people join the image, which was organized by a local health-research center hoping to improve awareness of lung health. While China continues to transform itself from an agrarian to an industrial and post-industrial society and from a planned to a market-based economy, it not only will need, for example, to provide health care and pensions for a rapidly growing elderly population that has been covered under government-sponsored programs.

It also will need to figure out how to expand the scope of coverage to those who were not covered under the old system. But the country is at the end of reaping economic gains from a favorable population age structure. Economic growth relies on a number of basic factors. Aside from institutional arrangements, these include capital, technology, markets, and labor.

But capital, technology, and overseas markets alone would not have made China a global factory in the last two decades of the twentieth century. Such a labor force, a non-repeatable historical phenomenon resulting from a rapid demographic transition, was fortuitously present as the Chinese economy was about to take off.

The large birth cohorts of the s and s were at their peak productive ages when the boom began. It is expressed as the ratio of the growth rate of effective producers to the growth rate of effective consumers. The demographic dividend, unlike the dependency ratio, takes into account people in the productive age cohort who are not contributing to income generation for example, because they are unemployed as well as those within the dependent age range who generate income such as from after-retirement earnings.

For the most part, China has exhausted its demographic fortune as measured by the demographic dividend—that is, by the changing support ratio between effective producers and effective consumers. Between and , China enjoyed an average annual rate of growth in the support ratio of 1.

Today, the net gain due to favorable demographic conditions has been reduced to only one-fifth of the average level maintained from to Between and , China will not fare demographically much better than Japan or Taiwan, and will fare much worse than the United States and France. The number of workers aged 20 to 29 will stay about the same for the next few years, but a precipitous drop will begin in the middle of the coming decade. Over a year period, between and , the size of the population in this age range will be reduced by about one-quarter, to million from million.

For Chinese aged 20 to 24, that decline will come sooner and will be more drastic: Over the next decade, their number will be reduced by nearly 50 percent, to 68 million from million. Such a drastic decline in the young labor force will usher in, for the first time in recent Chinese history, successive shrinking cohorts of labor force entrants. It will also have profound consequences for labor productivity, since the youngest workers are the most recently educated and the most innovative.

As the young population declines, domestic demand for consumption may weaken as well, since young people are also the most active consumers of everything from wedding banquets to new cars and housing units. But the challenges that China will face as a result of its changing demographics go far beyond economic growth and other aggregate concerns. It has forcefully altered the family and kin structure of hundreds of millions of Chinese families. And families, in addition to their other functions, are first and foremost the primary source of support for dependents, the young and the elderly.

Because the population control policy has been in place for so long, many Chinese couples, especially in the more affluent urban areas, have had only one child. Log in. Show detailed source information? Register for free Already a member? More information.

Supplementary notes. Other statistics on the topic. Demographics Total population of China Demographics Sex ratio in China Demographics Urban and rural population of China Demographics Sex ratio in China , by age group.

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